Pharmacy OSCEs: A revision guide

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The drug is intended to last for roughly 4 hours (if an erection lasts longer than 4 hours, the patient should seek urgent care for risk of priapism)

Talk me through a typical day, from when you wake up to when you go to bed and how your medications fit into that?” Coordinator and Coordinating Committee: The key to successful OSCE is meticulous planning and process. The coordinator must oversee all examination aspects. The examination content must be decided and stations must be developed to test this content in a scheduled timeframe. Standardized patients, trainers and support staff will be required.has arisen, which would require a significant review of pharmacy curricula and competency assessment Other important areas of the history to cover include past medical history, medication history, psychiatric history, social history and sexual history. Okay, so in the short– term, we would like to reduce your dose of diazepam as you feel like it is making you too drowsy.” Surgeons BA of U. Erectile dysfunction (impotence) [Internet]. 2019. [cited 2019 Dec 13]. Available from: [LINK]

Knowing how long the patient has been taking a medication is important, as this influences the likelihood of risks such as: There are, however, criticisms that the OSCE stations can never be truly standardized and objective in the same way as a written exam. It has been known for different patients / actors to afford more assistance, and for different marking criteria to be applied. Finally, it is not uncommon at certain institutions for members of teaching staff be known to students (and vice versa) as the examiner. This familiarity does not necessarily affect the integrity of the examination process, although there is a deviation from anonymous marking. However, in OSCEs that use several circuits of the same stations the marking is repeatedly shown to be very consistent which supports the validity that the OSCE is a fair clinical examination. There are arguments for and against quarantining OSCE examinees to prevent sharing of exam information. [5] Although the data tend to show no improvement in the overall scores in a later OSCE session, the research methodology is flawed and validity of the claim is questionable. [6] A study suggested that marks do not give a sound inference of student collusion in an OSCE. [7] Candidates Preparation [ edit ] inclusion of competency-based learning and assessment in the form of OSCEs. The increasing interest Maiorino MI, Bellastella G, Esposito K. Lifestyle modifications and erectile dysfunction: What can be expected? Asian J Androl. 2015;17(1):5–10.

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Figure 1. Cross-sectional anatomy of the penis. 7 Note the three bodies of erectile tissue (corpus cavernosum x2 and corpus spongiosum), which fill with blood upon sexual arousal. If an underlying organic cause of ED is identified and reversible, the probability of curing ED is greatly increased. However, if refractory to various treatment modalities, patients with ED are at increased risk for psychiatric co-morbidities such as anxiety and depression. This may further generate relationship and interpersonal struggles, significantly affecting a patient’s quality of life. Moreover, ED is known to be a risk factor in itself for CV disease, therefore if left untreated, could predispose the patient to greater risks of stroke and coronary artery disease. 3 Prescriptions represent a request from one healthcare professional to another to administer or supply medication to or for a patient. Some medications do not require a prescription as they are considered safe enough for patients to use without professional supervision and these are legally classified as general sale list medications (GSL). Medications that are considered less safe and require supervision by healthcare professionals are classified as prescription only medications, referred to as POMs and can only be used under the supervision of a prescribing healthcare professional. Anything that is not a GSL or POM is classified as a pharmacy medication or P medicine, which is only available under the supervision of a pharmacist. It can be easy to just wipe all memories of a bad OSCE out of your brain. However, if you write those errors down you can review them for your next exam and ensure you don’t make the same mistakes again. Talking to your coursemates about their experience can help too – no one said that you can only learn from your own mistakes. interacting with a “Standardized Patient” or “Standardized Client” or “Standardized Health Professional” to resolve a drug therapy problem or ethical dilemma

Note: Ascertaining whether a patient is having normal or impaired nocturnal erections will help to distinguish between organic vs. psychogenic causes of ED.The assessment of pharmacy students’ readiness to begin the education of an advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) in clinical pharmacy settings continues to gain increasing attention. This study aimed to develop an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in the core domains acquired through an introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE), for evaluating its appropriateness as a tool of assessing clinical pharmacist competency for APPEs in Korean pharmacy students throughout a pilot study. Methods If a man presents with priapism after use of a PDE-5 inhibitor, defined as an erection lasting greater than 4 hours, urgent hospitalisation is required for further investigation and management. in 1975, it became the preferred method for evaluation of learner performance across various health

Patients with suspected ED will primarily complain of difficulties initiating or sustaining an erection.

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It is crucial to explore the patient’s relationships with their sexual partners. If the cause of ED is thought to be psychogenic, the nature of these relationships will allow you to better understand the origins of the dysfunction. Relationship stress has been implicated with sexual dysfunction in men. 14 Clinical examination including the United States Medical Licensing Examination, the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying This should include the date that the prescription was issued by the professional. This may be different from the date that the prescription should be started and if the prescription is to begin on a specified date this information should be included under the dose or instruction section of the prescription. Always begin and end a station with washing your hands! Not only is it just good clinical practice, this gives you vital and easy marks.